Powerplays were introduced to make limited-overs cricket more exciting. The idea of fielding restrictions first appeared in South African domestic cricket during the 1970s. It was later adopted by Kerry Packer’s World Series of Cricket in the 1980s. By 1992, powerplays became part of One-Day Internationals (ODIs), and by 1995, the rules were standardized for all ODIs.

How Does a Powerplay in Cricket Work?

In One-Day matches, the powerplay initially allowed only two fielders outside the inner circle during the first 15 overs. Teams often took advantage of this by sending a big hitter to the crease early to score quickly. After these 15 overs, the pace of the game would generally slow down until the final overs, where teams aimed to accelerate again. In 2005, to maintain excitement throughout the entire innings, the International Cricket Council (ICC) introduced new powerplay rules.

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Evolution of Powerplay Rules in ODIs

When powerplays were first introduced, fielding restrictions were divided into three segments. The first 10 overs had mandatory restrictions, and the bowling team could choose two additional 5-over powerplays. Until 2012, during non-powerplay overs, only five fielders were allowed outside the 30-yard circle. Captains usually used these additional powerplays early in the innings to minimize the opposition’s scoring opportunities. To balance things out, the ICC introduced the concept of a batting powerplay, allowing the batting side to choose when to take these additional powerplays.

Since 2008, the batting team could select when to use either the second or third powerplay. During these non-mandatory powerplays, three fielders could stay outside the circle, while in the first 10 overs, only two were allowed.

In 2012, the rules were adjusted again. Both the bowling and batting powerplays had to be taken between the 16th and 40th over of an innings. During non-powerplay overs, the number of fielders allowed outside the circle was reduced from five to four.

Powerplay Rules Since the 2015 World Cup

In 2015, the ICC made further changes. Now, an ODI innings consists of three phases of powerplays:

The first 10 overs allow only 2 fielders outside the 30-yard circle.
The second powerplay runs from overs 11 to 40, allowing up to 4 fielders outside the circle.
The third and final powerplay is from overs 41 to 50, with up to 5 fielders outside the circle.

If a team has more than the allowed number of fielders outside the circle during a powerplay, the umpire calls a no-ball, giving the batting side a free hit on the next delivery.

Powerplay in T20 Cricket

In T20 Internationals, the powerplay covers the first 6 overs, and only 2 fielders are allowed outside the 30-yard circle. There is only one powerplay period in this format. Like in ODIs, having an extra fielder outside the circle results in a no-ball and a free hit for the batting side.

The powerplay is a crucial period in T20 cricket, as it gives batters the chance to play big shots and score quickly. Bowlers, on the other hand, often try to lure batters into making mistakes by varying their deliveries.

Most Successful Powerplay (First 10 Overs) in ODIs

Team	Opponent	Score	Inning	Result
Sri Lanka	England	133/0	2	SL won by 8 wickets
Australia	New Zealand	118/0	1	AUS won by 5 runs
New Zealand	Sri Lanka	118/0	2	NZ won by 10 wickets
New Zealand	England	116/2	2	NZ won by 8 wickets
West Indies	India	114/0	1	WI lost by 6 wickets
South Africa	Sri Lanka	113/3	2	SA lost by 3 runs (DLS)
Australia	India	112/0	2	AUS won by 10 wickets
Australia	Sri Lanka	109/3	2	AUS won by 6 wickets
New Zealand	Sri Lanka	108/0	2	NZ won by 7 wickets

Sri Lanka holds the record for the highest score in the first 10 overs of an ODI, making 133/0 while chasing 322 against England in 2006. Openers Upul Tharanga and Sanath Jayasuriya were instrumental in this remarkable win.

Most Successful Powerplay (First 6 Overs) in T20Is

Team	Opponent	Score	Inning	Result
Romania	Serbia	116/0	2	ROM won by 10 wickets
South Africa	West Indies	102/0	2	SA won by 6 wickets
West Indies	Sri Lanka	98/4	2	WI won by 4 wickets
Tanzania	Mozambique	94/2	1	TAN won by 87 runs
Ireland	West Indies	93/0	1	IRE won by 4 runs

Romania set a record by scoring 116/0 in just 5.4 overs while chasing against Serbia. South Africa also scored over 100 runs in a powerplay, reaching 102/0 against West Indies in 2023. However, Ireland’s 91/1 powerplay against Afghanistan resulted in a loss despite their fast start.

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